diff --git a/crates/psd/src/memory_tests.rs b/crates/psd/src/memory_tests.rs
index 97b7f5be..108046b6 100644
--- a/crates/psd/src/memory_tests.rs
+++ b/crates/psd/src/memory_tests.rs
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ impl Psd {
         Ok(self.ref_samples(&raw, w, h))
     }
 
-    fn ref_samples(&self, raw: &[u8], w: usize, h: usize) -> Vec<f32> {
+    pub(crate) fn ref_samples(&self, raw: &[u8], w: usize, h: usize) -> Vec<f32> {
         match self.depth {
             1 => {
                 let rowb = w.div_ceil(8);
@@ -55,13 +55,29 @@ impl Psd {
                 out
             }
             16 => raw.as_chunks::<2>().0.iter().take(w * h).map(|c| u16::from_be_bytes([c[0], c[1]]) as f32 / 65535.0).collect(),
-            32 => raw.as_chunks::<4>().0.iter().take(w * h).map(|c| f32::from_be_bytes([c[0], c[1], c[2], c[3]])).collect(),
+            // As the previous decoder after the non-finite fix: NaN reads as 0, +inf as 1, -inf as 0.
+            32 => raw
+                .as_chunks::<4>()
+                .0
+                .iter()
+                .take(w * h)
+                .map(|c| {
+                    let v = f32::from_be_bytes([c[0], c[1], c[2], c[3]]);
+                    if v.is_nan() || v == f32::NEG_INFINITY {
+                        0.0
+                    } else if v == f32::INFINITY {
+                        1.0
+                    } else {
+                        v
+                    }
+                })
+                .collect(),
             _ => raw.iter().take(w * h).map(|&b| b as f32 / 255.0).collect(),
         }
     }
 
     /// Convert colour channels (in the document's mode) to RGB.
-    fn ref_to_rgb(&self, ch: &[Option<Vec<f32>>], i: usize) -> [f32; 3] {
+    pub(crate) fn ref_to_rgb(&self, ch: &[Option<Vec<f32>>], i: usize) -> [f32; 3] {
         let g = |k: usize| ch.get(k).and_then(|c| c.as_ref()).map_or(0.0, |c| c[i]);
         let rgb = match self.mode {
             ColorMode::Rgb => [g(0), g(1), g(2)],
diff --git a/crates/psd/src/tests_opt.rs b/crates/psd/src/tests_opt.rs
index 1ffb565c..f129480c 100644
--- a/crates/psd/src/tests_opt.rs
+++ b/crates/psd/src/tests_opt.rs
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ fn ref_decode_channel(p: &Psd, offset: usize, len: usize, w: usize, h: usize) ->
         }
         c => return Err(Error::Unsupported(format!("compression {c}"))),
     };
-    Ok(p.samples(&raw, w, h))
+    Ok(p.ref_samples(&raw, w, h))
 }
 
 fn ref_composite(p: &Psd) -> Result<Pixels> {
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ fn ref_composite(p: &Psd) -> Result<Pixels> {
     match comp {
         0 => {
             for pl in planes.iter_mut().take(want) {
-                *pl = Some(p.samples(r.bytes(rowb * h)?, w, h));
+                *pl = Some(p.ref_samples(r.bytes(rowb * h)?, w, h));
             }
         }
         1 => {
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ fn ref_composite(p: &Psd) -> Result<Pixels> {
                 for row in 0..h {
                     unpack_bits(r.bytes(counts[c * h + row])?, rowb, &mut out)?;
                 }
-                *pl = Some(p.samples(&out, w, h));
+                *pl = Some(p.ref_samples(&out, w, h));
             }
         }
         2 | 3 => {
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ fn ref_composite(p: &Psd) -> Result<Pixels> {
                 if comp == 3 {
                     ref_unpredict(p.depth, &mut plane, w, h);
                 }
-                *pl = Some(p.samples(&plane, w, h));
+                *pl = Some(p.ref_samples(&plane, w, h));
             }
         }
         c => return Err(Error::Unsupported(format!("compression {c}"))),
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ fn ref_composite(p: &Psd) -> Result<Pixels> {
     let alpha = if p.merged_alpha && nch > cc { planes[cc].take() } else { None };
     let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(w * h);
     for i in 0..w * h {
-        let [r, g, b] = p.to_rgb(&planes, i);
+        let [r, g, b] = p.ref_to_rgb(&planes, i);
         let a = alpha.as_ref().map_or(1.0, |a| a[i]);
         data.push([r, g, b, a]);
     }
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ fn ref_layer_pixels(p: &Psd, index: usize, canvas: bool) -> Result<Pixels> {
                 let i = y * sw + x;
                 let (rgb, a) = match fill {
                     Some(f) if !l.has_pixels() => (f, 1.0),
-                    _ => (p.to_rgb(&planes, i), alpha.as_ref().map_or(1.0, |a| a[i])),
+                    _ => (p.ref_to_rgb(&planes, i), alpha.as_ref().map_or(1.0, |a| a[i])),
                 };
                 out[dy * ow + dx] = [rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2], a];
             }
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ fn raw_planes_are_borrowed_and_zip_planes_are_unpredicted_in_place() {
     let c = q.layers[0].channels[0];
     let mut r = Reader::at(&q.data, c.offset);
     let comp = r.u16().unwrap();
-    let plane = q.plane_bytes(comp, &mut r, 40, 30).unwrap();
+    let plane = q.plane_bytes(comp, &mut r, 40, 30, &mut Budget::new(u64::MAX)).unwrap();
     let Cow::Borrowed(b) = plane else { panic!("raw plane was copied") };
     let file = q.data.as_ptr_range();
     assert!(file.contains(&b.as_ptr()) && b.len() == 1200);